1. CPUs, Boards and OS Architecture
- Intro to CPU
- Micro Processor
- Micro Controller
- Bus Types
- General OS architecture
2. Ring Levels in CPU
- OS Types
- Kernel Types
- Virtualizations
- Types of Virtualization
- Hypervisors in Desktops and Embedded Systems
- Examples
3. GCC - GNU Compiler Collection
- GNU Compiler Collection
- History of GCC
- Four Stages of GCC
- Interrupting the Compiler
- Compiling a C Program
- Preprocessor Features
- Predefined Preprocessor Symbols
- Warnings and Extensions
- Optimization
- Linking
4. Program Execution and Stack Flow
- Compilation of Programs
- Intro to segments
- Program Execution and Analysis
- Stack movements
5. Building Software with Make
- Introducing make(1)
- How make Works
- Makefile Rule Syntax
- Example: Makefile First Steps
- Makefile Improved
- Implicit Rules
- Example: Simpler Is Better Makefile
- Variables
- Defining Variables
- Example: Makefile with Variables
- Automatic Variables
- Special Targets
- Defining Useful Phony Targets
6. The GNU C Library and System Calls
- Library Goals
- Library Standards
- GNU C Library - glibc
- Library Functions vs. System Calls
- Using System Calls
- Handling Errors with errno
- Making Sense of errno
- Using strace
7. Kernel Compilation and System call
- Compiling Kernel
- System call adding
8. Program Arguments and Environment
- Program Startup
- Using argc/argv
- Handling Options with getopt()
- Handling Options with getopt_long()
- Environment
- Manipulating the Environment
- Program Exit
- Registering Exit Handlers
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9. Building Libraries
- Why Use Libraries?
- Static Versus Shared
- Static Library Benefits
- Shared Library Benefits
- Creating a Static Library
- Using Static Libraries
- Creating a Shared Library
- Using Shared Libraries
- Shared Library Management
- Library Locations
- ldconfig
10. Basic File Operations
- Stream vs. System Calls
- Opening/Closing Streams
- Stream Input/Output Functions
- Stream Status/Errors
- Stream File Positioning
- Stream Buffering
- Temporary/Scratch Files
- Opening/Closing File Descriptors
- File Descriptor I/O
- Repositioning File Descriptors
- Stream/File Descriptor Conversions
- cat using ANSI I/O
- cat using POSIX I/O
11. Process Management
- What a Process Is
- Process Relationships
- Create a Child Process
- Doing Something Else
- Related execve() Functions
- Wait For a Child
- More Precise Waiting
- Changing Priority/Nice
- Real Time Priority
12. Memory Operations
- Allocating/Freeing Memory
- Memory Alignment
- Locked Memory
- Memory Copy/Initialization
- Memory Comparison/Search
13. Communicating with Pipes
- Introduction to Pipes
- Standard I/O: popen()/pclose()
- Using popen()/pclose()
- System Call: pipe()
- Using pipe()
- Named Pipes
- Using Named Pipes
- For Further Reading
14. Managing Signals
- What Signals Are
- Blocking/Checking Signals
- Working with Signal Sets
- Example of Blocking Signals
- Handling Signals with sigaction()
- sigaction() Example
- Handling Signals with signal()
- Sending Signals
- Real-Time Signals
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15. Interprocess Communication (IPC)
- Interprocess Communication (IPC)
- POSIX IPC Overview
- POSIX Shared Memory
- POSIX Semaphores
- POSIX Message Queues
- System V IPC Overview
- System V IPC Shared Memory
- System V IPC Semaphore Arrays
- System V IPC Message Queues
16. Programming with Threads
- Introducing Threaded Programming
- Applications Suited to Threads
- Building Threaded Programs
- Creating Threads
- Thread Identity
- Synchronizing by Joining
- Detaching Threads
- Stopping Threads
- Synchronizing with Mutexes
- Using Mutexes
- Read/Write Locks
- Conditional Variables
- Using Conditional Variables
- A Conditional Variable Gotcha
- For Further Reading
17. Advanced File Operations
- Directory Operations
- File System Operations
- Multiplexed I/O with select()
- Miscellaneous I/O Functions
- Memory Mapped I/O
- Using Memory Mapped I/O
- File Locking
18. Basic Network Programming
- Linux Networking Overview
- Getting Started with socket()
- Client Functions
- Specifying IPv4 Addresses
- Host Versus Network Byte Order
- Example TCP/IP Client
- Address Conversion Functions
- Using getaddrinfo()
- Server Functions
- Example TCP/IP Server
- Datagram Communication with UDP
19. Time Functions
- When Does Time Begin?
- Time Data Types
- Determining Real Time
- Converting time_t
- Converting tm Structure
- Process Time
- Time arithmetic
- Second Resolution Timers
- Fine-Grained Timers
- Real Time Clock (RTC)
20. Debugging
- What Is My Program Doing?
- Source Level Debugging
- Invoking gdb
- Getting Started with gdb
- Examining and Changing Memory
- Debuginfo Libraries
- Using gdb with a Running Process
- Using gdb to Autopsy a Crash
- Debugging Libraries - ElectricFence
- Debugging with valgrind
- Profiling for Performance
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